Lantern.



W. S. HAMM.

LANTERN.

APPLIGATIUN FILED 00T.114 19o?` Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

f O O 000000 upon the globe, the upper en WILLIAM S. HAMM, OF HUBBARD WOODS, LLINOIB.

LAXTERN.

Specification of Lettenrlatent.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

Application flied October 11, 1907. Serial No. 897,612.

To all whom 'it may concem:

. Be it known that I', WILLIAM S, HAMM, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Hubbard Woods, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lanterns, of which the following is aspecilication, and which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

The invention relates to lanterns especially adapted for the use of trainmen, and has for its object the improvement of the ventilating dome of lanterns of this eneral type; and it consists in the structure iereinalter described and which is`illustrated in the accompanying drawin s in which# Figure 1 is a side e ovation of a lantern, partly in vertical section; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the globe-holder and ventilating cap; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the saine part showin a modified form of construction, a portion lieing broken away; Fi 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of Fi 3; Figs. 5 and 6 are pers ective views of t e battle plates shown in ig. 3; and Fig. 7 is a perspective of a modi ed form of bafiie plate.

The lantern comprises a base ring 10 within which the font may be seated, a dome 11 having at its bose an annular iiange 12, a globe 13 interposed between the base rin and the dome, a guard-frame 14 shown as o wire and servin to unite the base ring and dome, and a bai 15.

The u per end of the globe 13 is engaged by a glo e-holdng cap 16, annular in form and having at its up er end an instanding and upwardly-inclined ange 17, taking the form o a truncated cone and being centrally apertured to permit the egress of vapors from within the globe.

The external diameter of the cap 16 is slightly less than the internal diameter of the dome 11 within `which it loosely fits and slidesvertically. Anexpansioncoileds ring 18 reacts between 'the top of the cap an the top of the dome to force the ca downwardly 'of which enters within the cap.

In the construction of Figs. 1 and 2 a pair of bathe plates 1 9, 20, is located within the cap 16, one plate on each side of one of its diameters, the two plates-being set so that they `incline toward each other from below up; liwardly, and they are preferabl f by means of luga 21, 22, forme heli-l in plaee .annularly arranged series mi their ende,

and projecting throughsuitanie sions cut-iii the cap flange 17 and being then turned downwardly against the surface of the ange.

In order to retain the cap within the dorne a pair of fingers 23, 24, depend from the top of the dome 11, their lower ends being bent to hook form,as shown at 25, 26, toloosely engage the plates 19, 20. The fingers 23, 24, are of spring metal, and as the capil 16 is pushed upwardly they bend outwar y une der the influence of the lates 19, 20, which slide freely within their ook portions.

In the construction illustrated in I figs. 3 and 4, there are present fourbale plates 27, 28, 29 and 30, arranged in two pairs set at right angles'each to the other, one pair of plates bein slotted from their upper edges obliquely ownwai'd, as shown at 31, and the other pair being slotted obliquely upward from their iower edges, as shown at 32, in order that the two sets may be fitted together. Each of these plates is provided at its ends with lugs 3S, 34, adapted to enter suitable slots in the ce iiange 17 and to b e overturned to secure 51e plates within the cap.

lf preferred a pair of heie plaies, as Se, 36,may be stamped up out of a single plate oi metal, in that being united at their ends by web portions 37, 38, from which may be stamped u lugs 39, 40, for securing the plates witlun t e cap flange.

The lower end of the cap 16 projects below the lower end of the dome 11,- this projecting portion being provided with an permit ,an inflow of air. The side walls the dome 11 are perforated above the cap -1 as shown at 42, t0 permit the escape o .va-

ors from the interior of the lantern, and the ase ring 10 is ap admit air to maintain combustion.

G't'dificulty providing a lantern for railway service within which therenia be maintained a substantially uniform ame under the widely diverse conditions encountered. The lantern 'is sometimes used within a car where there are no drafts; is sometimes carried away that it is subjected to 4veiy ali'glit drafts; sometimes it is exposed to a bresse in su of very high veloc1ty, owi ng not only movement of the air-but to the-movement of the train in @direction opposite' to that which, the wind is blowing 3 j and it ,isi .also

of apertures 41 to has been encountered '9,5 erturecl, as shown at 43, to

subjected to severetests in sivnaling, involving rapid changes of angu ar osition with reference to the vertical, an when carried on the to of a rapidly moving train may be inclined orward owing to the stooping posture of the user. It is found in practice that a lantern which will endure the action of a high wind may have its flame smothered when there is no external movement of air, and again, unless (properly made, the light may be extinguislie by the action of slowly moving air currents, although it will be maintained either in a high Wind or when there is no movement of air whatever.

To insure good combustion when the wind is not blowing, the dome must be well ventilated to permit the vapors to freely escape. This ventilation, however, permits the air to enter the dome freely when the wind is blowing, and these air currents may either blow out the light or check the outflow of va ors and thus smother it.

n the lantern here shown and described, air currents entering the apertures 42 at an angle to the baflle plates are prevented by the latter from being directed downwardly u on the flame, but, striking the outer face o? the first of these baille plates to be encountered, will be broken u and deflected upwardly, or downwardly a ong the inner surface of the globe 13 and thus away from the flame. These downwardly-directed currents will reach the llame laterally and stimulate combustion, and will also tend to force the vapors upwardly at the op osite side of the globe. The baffle plates eng substantially edgewise to the direction of the upward movement of the vapors, present practically no obstacle to their free egress, even when the draft is not thus stimulated, as they leave the aperture of the flange 17 substantially unobstructed.

When two sets of baille plates are elnployed, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, provision is melde for controlling the air currents from whichever direction they may enter the dome.

The apertures 41 in the lower portion of the walls of the cap 16 permit air to enter from Without, and when there are no pronounced air currents such inllow is stimulated by the upwardly-moving vapors and tends to reduce their temperature and consequently to retard their movement, and also to prevent the upper end of the globe and the dome from becoming unduly heated. As these a rtures are located under and are protected by the flange 12, there will be but slight increase in the inflow of air by reason of wind pressure, but, on the contrary, some of the air enterin through the dome apertures, and being eilecte downwardly and outwardly by the baille plates, will make its escape through these cpapertures, thus rcducmg the pressure wi the globo.

In the giving of certain signals, particularly the sw' vi 0 of the lantern through a circle substantial y in horizontal plane, the signal universally employed on railroads for the backing of a train, the air currents a pear to be reversed, the air entering at t e top and moving downwardly. This movement carries downwardly upon the llame the vitiated air and causes it to die down or lose its vitality, and if the movement is continued for a considerable time the llame may be entirely' extinguished. This si al is usually followed by another in which the lantern is swung to and fro in a substantially vertical lane, and may be given a rapid motion, t iis being the signal universally ein ployed for stoppi the train. If, when thls stopping signa is given, the llame is weak it is apt to be entirely extinguished. This dimming and extinguishin of the lameis, of course, due to the a sence of oxygen. By perforating the globe-holdin cap at its lower end to permit the ingress o air below the dome, this tendency to weaken the flame is decreased by bringing to it uickly a supply of air from above, and the anger of extinguishing the flame in the manner above come.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a lantern, in combination, a body, a dome above the body and open thereto, and baille plates crossing the interior of the base of the dome and bei inclined outwardly from the axis thereof rom above.

2,. ln a lantern, in combination, a body, a dome above the body and open thereto, and baille plates located within the dome and on opposite sides of its vertical axis and being inclined outwardly and downwardly.

3. In a lantern, in combination, a body, a dome above the body and open thereto, and baille plates within the dome arranged in pairs at a les to each other, the members of each pair eing on opposite sides of the vertical axis of the dome and being inclined outwardly and downwardly.

4. In a lantern, in com ination, a body, a dome above the body and o en thereto, a globe-holding cap slidable wi the dome and havi an instanding flange at its upper end, and aille lates cro the interior of the cap and eing inclingil downwardly and outwardly.

5. In a lantern, in combination, a body, a dome above the body and o en thereto, a globe-holdin cap slidable witliin the dome,

escribed is entirely overand baille lp ates crossin the interior of the cap and sing inclin downwardly and outwardly.

6. In a lantern, in combination, a body,

a dome above the body and o n thereto, a globe-holding cap slidable wit in the dome and having an instanding flange at its upper and, and aille plates crossing the interior- 'of the cap and being arranged in pairs, the lower end and an nstanding tiange at its 2o .members of each air being on opposite upper end, and battle plates ffrossn the sides of the vertice axis of the dome and l interior ofthe cap and being inclined ownbeiug inclined outwardly and downwardly. l wardly and outwardly,

7. In a lantern, in combination, a body, 9. 1n a lantern, in combination, a globe, a domel above the body and o en thereto, a l a dome thereon, a hollow truncated cone 2e globe-holding cap elidable Witdn the dome 1 within the dome, and baille plates within and having) an instandng flange at its upper l, the cone and beine inclined downwardly and end and aille plates crossing the interior 5 outwardly from tile axis thereof. of e cap and bein arranged 1n pairs set at l0. ln a lantern, in combination, a globe, an angle to each'ot er, the members of each a dome thereon, a hollow truncated cone 30 pair bein on opposite sides of the vertical Within the dome, its base opening directly axis of t e dome and being inclined outto the globe, and baie plates within the wardly and downwardly. cone and being inclined downwardly and 8. 1n a lantern, in combination, a body, outwardly. a dome above the body andoin thereto, a y WILLIAM S. HAMM. globe-holding cap slidable wit 'n the dome Witnesses: and extending abelow the same and having Louie K. GILLsoN,

an annular series of apertures adjacent its E. M. KLATCHER. 

